常见逻辑谬误：ad hominem/人身攻击

ad hominem

You attacked your opponent's character or personal traits in an attempt to undermine their argument.

Ad hominem attacks can take the form of overtly attacking somebody, or more subtly casting doubt on their character or personal attributes as a way to discredit their argument. The result of an ad hom attack can be to undermine someone's case without actually having to engage with it.

Example: After Sally presents an eloquent and compelling case for a more equitable taxation system, Sam asks the audience whether we should believe anything from a woman who isn't married, was once arrested, and smells a bit weird.

你讨论时针对对方的人格、动机、态度、地位、阶级或处境等，而进行攻击或评论，并以此当作提出了理据去驳斥对方的论证或去支持自己的论点

人身攻击时不一定是直接进行攻击，也可能是通过背后捅刀子、暗示听众等等方式来造成对对方人格的质疑。你试图用你对别人人格的攻击来取代一个有力的论述。

例子：当小明提出了一个很合理的关于基础设施建设的提议的时候吗，小红说她不相信任何小明说的话，因为小明不爱国，经常批评政府，不懂得感恩。小红犯了人身攻击的谬误。

常见24条逻辑谬误