2015年8月27日星期四

中国和美国公务员数量比较 02

第一个问题:美国的财政供养人员有多少?

美国的统计信息非常完善,他们给出了所有的公共雇佣人员(也就是所有的财政供养人员)的估算(包括联邦政府和州政府,2010年数据)




Full-Time

Full-timePart-timeEquivalent
Government FunctionemployeesemployeesEmployment




Total14,775,6794,829,60416,587,440
Financial Administration372,25650,712390,713
Other Government Administration247,024171,634277,601
Judicial and Legal407,57042,326424,889
Police Protection Total908,215107,267946,196
Police Officers Only689,61440,137703,012
Other Police Employees218,60167,130243,184
Fire Protection Total324,82895,941342,680
Firefighters Only300,02188,144315,951
Other Fire Employees24,8077,79726,729
Corrections719,16624,205731,692
Highways509,80936,803525,878
Air Transportation45,6143,61147,356
Water Transport and Terminals12,4491,08412,854
Public Welfare483,05051,668511,080
Health410,36471,092443,640
Hospitals867,100209,475986,471
Social Insurance Administration83,0849,02388,943
Solid Waste Management103,31415,744110,216
Sewerage123,8838,959126,110
Parks and Recreation188,792220,196266,925
Housing and Community Development106,36511,949111,575
Natural Resources163,09240,424181,988
Water Supply166,20615,110170,691
Electric Power77,2142,87778,716
Gas Supply11,63037311,810
Transit225,31118,546236,932
Education Total7,700,2323,432,5208,968,540
Elementary & Secondary Education Total6,129,4001,787,6386,853,747
Elem & Sec Instructional Employees4,402,466952,7734,778,508
Elem & Sec Other Employees1,726,934834,8652,075,239
Higher Education Total1,490,4381,631,0332,028,416
Higher Ed Instructional Employees493,916619,565686,577
Higher Ed Other Employees996,5221,011,4681,341,839
Other Education80,39413,84986,377
Local Libraries90,97397,915131,032
State Liquor Stores6,4865,3109,822
All Other and Unallocable421,65284,840453,090

粗略翻译如下:
政府职能部门全职兼职折合全职




合计14,775,6794,829,60416,587,440
财政管理372,25650,712390,713
其他政府机构247,024171,634277,601
司法407,57042,326424,889
警察908,215107,267946,196
正式警察689,61440,137703,012
其他警方雇员218,60167,130243,184
消防324,82895,941342,680
消防员300,02188,144315,951
其他消防雇员24,8077,79726,729
惩罚教养719,16624,205731,692
高速公路509,80936,803525,878
航空交通45,6143,61147,356
水运12,4491,08412,854
公共福利483,05051,668511,080
健康410,36471,092443,640
医院867,100209,475986,471
社会保险83,0849,02388,943
固体垃圾管理103,31415,744110,216
污水收集123,8838,959126,110
公园188,792220,196266,925
住房与社区发展106,36511,949111,575
自然资源163,09240,424181,988
供水166,20615,110170,691
电力77,2142,87778,716
天然气供应11,63037311,810
交通225,31118,546236,932
教育 合计7,700,2323,432,5208,968,540
中小学 合计6,129,4001,787,6386,853,747
中小学教师4,402,466952,7734,778,508
中小学其他雇员1,726,934834,8652,075,239
高等教育 合计1,490,4381,631,0332,028,416
高等教育教师493,916619,565686,577
高等教育其他雇员996,5221,011,4681,341,839
其他教育80,39413,84986,377
地方图书馆90,97397,915131,032
国有酿酒6,4865,3109,822
其他421,65284,840453,090

我们可以按照美国的这个标准,按照每一条标准来比较一下中美两国的财政供养人员的数量。有人可能不服气,说要么就比较正统的公务员,怎么能比较财政供养人员?——这个也没问题的,我们把美国统计数据里面的“公务员”(政府管理部门雇员)单挑出来就可以了,比如上表,就中国老百姓理解上的政府“公务员”——政府财政管理和其他政府部门的人员合计——加起来一共也才67万。

中国和美国公务员数量比较 01020304

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